Application of laser equipment in photovoltaic production

Using high energy and high power laser can quickly passivate the edge of the cell and prevent excessive power loss. With the laser-shaped grooves, the loss of energy due to leakage current in solar cells is greatly reduced, from 10-15% in traditional chemical etching to 2-3% in laser technology.

3 kw fiber laser cutting machine Arrange the marking

Arranging silicon wafers by laser is a common online process for automatic serial welding of solar cells. Connecting solar cells in this way reduces storage costs, allowing for more neat and compact arrays of cells for each module.

The cutting blade

Using laser to slice silicon wafer is currently more advanced, it uses high precision, and repeat precision is also high, stable work, fast speed, simple operation, convenient maintenance.

3 kw fiber laser cutting machine Silicon tags

The significant application of laser in the silicon photovoltaic industry is to mark silicon wafers without affecting their electrical conductivity. Wafer labeling helps manufacturers keep track of their solar supply chain and ensure consistent quality.

Thin film ablation

Thin-film solar cells rely on vapor deposition and slicing techniques to selectively ablate certain layers to achieve electrical isolation. The layers of the film need to be deposited quickly without affecting the other layers of the substrate glass and silicon. Transient ablations can cause circuits in the glass and silicon layers to break down, leading to battery failure.

To ensure the stability, quality and uniformity of power generation performance between components, the laser beam power must be carefully adjusted for the manufacturing shop. If the laser power cannot reach a certain level, the scribing process cannot be completed. Similarly, the beam must keep power within a narrow range and ensure a 7*24 hour operation in the assembly line. All of these factors place very strict requirements on laser specifications and complex monitoring devices must be used to ensure peak operation.

Both manufacturers and researchers use beam power measurements to customize lasers and adjust them for applications. For high-power lasers, there are many different power measurement tools, and high-power detectors can break the limits of the laser in special cases; Lasers used in glass cutting or other deposition applications need to focus on the fine properties of the beam, not the power.

In thin-film photovoltaics, when used to ablate electronic materials, the beam characteristics are more important than the raw power. Size, shape, and strength play an important role in preventing leakage of component batteries. The laser beam that ablates the deposited photovoltaic material onto the base glass plate also requires fine-tuned properties. To be a good point of contact for making battery circuits, the beam must meet all criteria. Only a high quality beam with high repeatability can properly ablate the circuit without damaging the glass below. These occasions usually require thermoelectric detectors that can measure the energy of the laser beam repeatedly.

The size of laser beam center affects the ablation mode and location. The roundness (or ellipticity) of the beam affects the lines projected onto the solar panel. If the lineation is not uniform, inconsistent beam ellipticity will lead to solar module defects. The shape of the entire beam also affects the effectiveness of the silicon-doped structure. For researchers, it is important to choose a laser for better quality, regardless of processing speed or cost, but for production purposes, mode-locked lasers are often used for short pulses needed for evaporation in battery manufacturing.

New materials such as perovskite offer a cheaper and radically different manufacturing process from traditional crystalline silicon cells. One of the major advantages of perovskite is that it reduces the environmental impact of silicon processing and manufacturing while maintaining efficiency. Laser processing is also used for the vapor deposition of its materials. Thus, laser processing technology has become a more reliable tool for the production of silicon solar cells.