Components and working principle of 3 kw fiber laser cutting machine

With the rapid development of 3 kw fiber laser cutting machine technology, especially in the wide application of modern industry, most people are not unfamiliar with laser cutting machine. So about the components and working principle of the laser cutting machine, xiaobian will give you a detailed introduction in the following.

The components and working principle of laser cutting machine

Laser cutting machine is composed of laser emitter, cutting head, beam transmission component, machine tool workbench, NUMERICAL control system, computer (hardware, software), cooler, protective gas cylinder, dust collector, air dryer and other components.

One, laser generator

A device for producing a laser light source. For the purpose of laser cutting, except for a few occasions using YAG solid laser, most of the use of high electric-optical conversion efficiency and can output high power CO2 gas laser. Not all lasers can be used for cutting because laser cutting requires high beam quality.

Two, cutting head

It mainly includes nozzle, focusing lens and focusing tracking system and other parts.

The cutting head drive device is used to drive the cutting head to move along the Z axis in accordance with the program, which is composed of servo motor and screw or gear transmission parts.

(1) the nozzle

There are three main nozzle forms: parallel type, collect type and cone type.

(2) focusing lens

Using the energy of laser beam to cut, the original beam from the laser beam must be focused through a lens to form a spot of high energy density.

Medium telephoto lenses are suitable for thick plate cutting and require less spacing stability of tracking system. Short focal lens is only suitable for thin plate cutting below D3. Short focal lens has strict requirements on spacing stability of tracking system, but its requirement on laser output power can be greatly reduced.

(3) Tracking system

The focusing tracking system of laser cutting machine is generally composed of focusing cutting head and tracking sensor system. The cutting head consists of light focusing, water cooling, air blowing and mechanical adjustment.

The sensor is composed of sensing element and amplification control part. According to the different sensor tracking system is completely different, here, there are mainly two forms of tracking system, one is capacitive sensor tracking system, also known as non-contact tracking system. The other is inductive sensor tracking system, also known as contact tracking system.

Three, beam transmission components

External path: refraction mirror, used to guide the laser in the desired direction. In order to prevent failures in the beam path, all mirrors shall be protected by a protective cover and a clean positive pressure protective gas shall be supplied to protect the lens from contamination. A good set of lenses will focus a beam of light at no divergence into an infinitesimal spot. Usually a lens with a focal length of 5.0 inches is used. 7.5-inch lens for gt only; 12 mm thick material.

Four, machine workbench

Machine tool host part: laser cutting machine tool part, the realization of X, Y, Z axis of the movement of the mechanical part, including cutting platform.

Fifth, numerical control system

The CNC system controls the machine tool to realize the movement of X, Y and Z axes, and also controls the output power of the laser.

Six, cooling system

Chillers: used to cool laser generators. Laser is a device that converts electric energy into light energy. For example, the conversion rate of CO2 gas laser is generally 20%, and the remaining energy is converted into heat. Cooling water takes excess heat away to keep the laser generator working properly. The chiller also cools the optical path mirror and focusing mirror outside the machine tool to ensure stable beam transmission quality and effectively prevent the lens from deformation or bursting due to high temperature.

Seven, the cylinder

Gas cylinder includes laser cutting machine working medium gas cylinder and auxiliary gas cylinder, used to supplement the industrial gas laser shock and supply cutting head with auxiliary gas.

Eight, dust removal system

Extract the smoke and dust generated during processing, and filter treatment, so that the exhaust gas emissions in line with environmental protection standards.

Nine, air cooling dryer, filter

It is used to supply clean dry air to the laser generator and beam path to keep the path and mirror working normally.

Therefore, laser cutting machine light, machine, electric integration of comprehensive technology equipment. The parameters of the laser beam, the performance and precision of the machine and the NUMERICAL control system, are the important factors that can directly affect the efficiency and quality of laser cutting, especially for the cutting precision is higher or the thickness of the larger parts.

In the purchase of laser cutting machine, according to the scope of production, cutting materials and material thickness and other factors to buy the appropriate laser cutting machine.